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Omar Hassan Ahmad al-Bashir ((アラビア語:عمر حسن أحمد البشير); born 1944) is the President of Sudan and the head of the National Congress Party. He came to power in 1989 when, as a brigadier in the Sudanese Army, he led a group of officers in a military coup that ousted the democratically elected government of Prime Minister Sadiq al-Mahdi after it began negotiations with rebels in the south. Since then, he has been elected three times as President in elections that have been under scrutiny for corruption.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Dream election result for Sudan's President Bashir )〕 In March 2009, al-Bashir became the first sitting president to be indicted by the International Criminal Court (ICC), for allegedly directing a campaign of mass killing, rape, and pillage against civilians in Darfur.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Genocide in Darfur )〕 In October 2005, al-Bashir's government negotiated an end to the Second Sudanese Civil War,〔(【引用サイトリンク】url= http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14019202 )〕 leading to a referendum in the South, resulting in the separation of the south into the separate country of South Sudan. In the Darfur region, he oversaw the War in Darfur that has resulted in death tolls that are about 10,000 according to the Sudanese Government, but most sources suggest between 200,000 and 400,000.〔https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/su.html>]〕〔(People's Daily Online – Darfur peace talks to resume in Abuja on Tuesday: AU )〕 During his presidency, there have been several violent struggles between the Janjaweed militia and rebel groups such as the Sudanese Liberation Army (SLA) and the Justice and Equality Movement (JEM) in the form of guerrilla warfare in the Darfur region. The civil war has displaced over out of a total population of 6.2 million in Darfur〔(Darfur – overview ), unicef.org.〕 and has created a crisis in the diplomatic relations between Sudan and Chad. The rebels in Darfur lost the support from Libya after the death of Muammar Gaddafi and the collapse of his regime in 2011. In July 2008, the prosecutor of the International Criminal Court (ICC), Luis Moreno Ocampo, accused al-Bashir of genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes in Darfur. The court issued an arrest warrant for al-Bashir on 2009 on counts of war crimes and crimes against humanity, but ruled that there was insufficient evidence to prosecute him for genocide.〔 However, on 12 July 2010, the Court issued a second warrant containing three separate counts. The new warrant, as with the first, were delivered to the Sudanese government, which did not recognize it nor the ICC.〔 Al-Bashir is the first sitting head of state indicted by the ICC.〔 The indictments do not allege that Bashir personally took part in such activities. Instead, they say, he is "suspected of being criminally responsible, as an indirect co-perpetrator". Some international experts think it is unlikely that Ocampo has enough evidence. The court's decision is opposed by the African Union, League of Arab States, Non-Aligned Movement, and the governments of Russia and China.〔(DAILY NATION – After Bashir warrant, Sudan united in protest )〕〔(International Criminal Court Cases in Africa: Status and Policy Issues )〕 A leak from WikiLeaks allegedly reveals that the Sudanese president had embezzled state funds amounting to US$9 billion, to which Lloyds Bank of England later rejected as "Lloyds insisted it was not aware of any link with Bashir" while a Sudanese government spokesman said that the claim that the president had taken the cash was "ludicrous" and attacked the motives of the prosecutor.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Bank denies WikiLeaks' Sudan claim )〕 In an interview with the Guardian, al-Bashir said, referring to ICC Prosecuter Ocampo, "The biggest lie was when he said I have $9bn in one of the British banks, and thank God, the British bank and the () finance minister ... denied these allegations."〔 The arrest warrant has actively increased public support for al-Bashir in Sudan. ==Early and family life== Al-Bashir was born in Hosh Bannaga, just north of the capital, Khartoum to a family of Arab descent. He belongs to Al-Bedairyya Al-Dahmashyya, a Bedouin tribe belonging to the larger ja'alin coalition,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=:- )〕 an Arab tribe in middle north of Sudan, in the past a part of the Kingdom of Egypt and Sudan. He received his primary education there, and his family later moved to Khartoum where he completed his secondary education. Al-Bashir is married to his cousin Fatima Khalid. He also has a second wife named Widad Babiker Omer, who had a number of children with her first husband Ibrahim Shamsaddin, a member of the Revolutionary Command Council for National Salvation who had died in a helicopter crash. Al-Bashir does not have any children of his own. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Omar al-Bashir」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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